Natural Killer (NK) cells are central to immune defense, but their activity is often suppressed in the tumor microenvironment. Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) is a major inhibitory signal, reducing NK cell proliferation and cytotoxicity. Engineering NK cells with TGFβRII modifications provides a way to bypass this suppression, restoring their antitumor potential. The promise is clear, but scaling up production and ensuring consistent performance across different tumor types remain important hurdles. Creative Biolabs contributes by developing validated workflows for NK cell modification, helping researchers test and refine strategies that can withstand immunosuppressive signals.